ÿWPCÐ .ËŒˆª!ó¨wñÒ™®ßB¯©]võñã$lùÚ0áÐ;£ú¼wÆ€ÈðÄrJoµ&c)Ô£Tj­éþ¦† {´×ŸW¯²áË”à8†Auõ£`ÄæeŽ»!#ö&~ÅŽ‰«„án ÑSÿ)¹.%§Áy›ü,vÏyU¥f³’eòŠgÈ&¨ TgáW¸¯¾Ë2”Y+\[›2Šý'õÛŽ¶ðG-VsjBÝÖ"a¨Š8èïœ=½Ãî¢ÕåvXÙvEÞãe>æØÏðRëHECžëåcˆ3Ö|o>^27_A‹ÚgþÂqºÄiÑ5]{Z¦—úÔF0¤´T2´µd×C £Ìm4¼¼âX¤ç/ “,½6ø1q³\`|[_š$"Æ#ƒ^·êK_Œ ,‘óè˲ÛV‚¥uâ ºEŸÞf|Ê;D8¥Ÿ‚ªš—L駤nƒ Ë€á6ù6})%tx:ŸÔƒ€Žr±eeuÎÆˆ©­™(áà*GÛ)íñ„Üúó¶Ê±ðá—òd·Ôlk ç~ã…-\¨^ tãÀfLÆH±£r€âS±Èè×oz¦a8 Y2é.WH‘"¿ÓeÓ’QÕ‚å?\‹ÀcXÙó°FÛk¦$šÖtV ¨#!¸UNÙ %' 0(-NU^ Ww@c4£· m¹#|x ˜0&Öd9 Z‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡l~‡&Þ E   ûa%ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÓ  Óññ€Ì€Ì<Ô_Ôtitle>WAISÔ_Ô€Document€Retrieval€Ì€Ì€Ì
€Ì[Federal€Register:€April€2,€1999€(Volume€64,€Number€63)]€Ì[Rules€and€Regulations]€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ì[Page€15926-15936]€ÌFrom€the€Federal€Register€Online€via€GPO€Access€[Ô_Ôwais.access.gpo.govÔ_Ô]€Ì[DOCID:fr02ap99-9]€ññññÌ€Ìññ=======================================================================€Ì-----------------------------------------------------------------------€Ì€ÌDEPARTMENT€OF€TRANSPORTATION€Ì€ÌResearch€and€Special€Programs€Administration€Ì€Ì49€Ô_ÔCFRÔ_Ô€Part€195€Ì€Ì[Docket€No.€Ô_ÔRSPAÔ_Ô-97-2095;€Amendment€195-66]€Ì[Ô_ÔRINÔ_Ô€2137-AC€11]€Ì€Ì€€ÌPipeline€Safety:€Adoption€of€Consensus€Standards€for€Breakout€€ÌTanks€Ì€ÌAGENCY:€Research€and€Special€Programs€Administration€(Ô_ÔRSPAÔ_Ô),€DOT.€Ì€ÌACTION:€Final€Rule.€Ì€Ì-----------------------------------------------------------------------€Ì€ÌSUMMARY:€This€final€rule€incorporates€by€reference€consensus€standards€€Ìfor€aboveground€steel€storage€tanks€into€the€hazardous€liquid€pipeline€€Ìsafety€regulations.€These€standards€apply€to€the€design,€construction,€€Ìand€testing€of€new€tanks,€and€the€repairs,€alterations€and€replacement€€Ìof€existing€tanks.€All€new€and€existing€breakout€tanks€are€also€subject€€Ìto€the€operating€and€maintenance€requirements€specified€in€this€rule.€€ÌThe€incorporation€by€reference€of€these€thirteen€standards€will€€Ìsignificantly€improve€the€minimum€level€of€safety€applicable€to€the€€Ìtransportation€and€storage€of€petroleum€and€petroleum€products€at€€Ìbreakout€tanks€throughout€the€United€States.€Ì€ÌDATES:€Effective€Date:€This€final€rule€takes€effect€May€3,€1999.€The€€Ìincorporation€by€reference€of€certain€publications€listed€in€the€rule€€Ìis€approved€by€the€Director€of€the€Federal€Register€May€3,€1999.€Ì€€€€Compliance€date:€Except€under€Sec.€195.432,€compliance€with€€Ìconsensus€Ì€Ì[[Page€15927]]€Ì€Ìstandards€that€are€incorporated€by€reference€is€not€required€until€€ÌOctober€2,€2000.€Ð	´-)* ЀÌFOR€FURTHER€INFORMATION€CONTACT:€Mike€Ô_ÔIsraniÔ_Ô,€Office€of€Pipeline€Safety€€Ì(OPS),€telephone:€(202)€366-4571,€FAX:€(202)€366-4566,€e-mail:€€Ìmike.israni@rspa.dot.gov,€regarding€the€subject€matter€of€this€rule;€or€€Ìthe€Docket€Facility,€telephone€(202)€366-9329,€regarding€copies€of€this€€Ìfinal€rule€or€other€material€in€the€docket.€Ì€€€€Comments€may€be€accessed€electronically€at€http://dms.dot.gov.€€ÌGeneral€information€about€the€Ô_ÔRSPAÔ_Ô/Office€of€Pipeline€Safety€programs€€Ìcan€be€obtained€by€accessing€OPS's€Internet€home€page€at€http://€ÌÔ_Ôops.dot.govÔ_Ô.€Ì€ÌSUPPLEMENTARY€INFORMATION:€Ì€ÌBackground€Ì€Ì€€€€The€failure€of€a€storage€tank€not€associated€with€pipeline€€Ìtransportation€provided€much€of€the€incentive€to€improve€consensus€€Ìstandards€for€aboveground€steel€storage€tanks.€On€January€2,€1988,€at€a€€Ìbarge€terminal€in€Ô_ÔFloreffeÔ_Ô,€Pennsylvania,€a€newly€Ô_ÔrecommissionedÔ_Ô€€Ìstorage€tank€suddenly€collapsed€and€released€3.9€million€gallons€of€€Ìdiesel€oil.€Although€the€earthen€dike€contained€most€of€the€diesel€oil,€€Ìan€estimated€750,000€gallons€were€spilled€into€the€Ô_ÔMonongahelaÔ_Ô€River€€Ìand€eventually€flowed€into€the€Ohio€River.€Ì€€€€The€publicity€and€costly€consequences€of€this€failure€caused€€Ìwidespread€concern€about€the€safety€of€all€aboveground€storage€tanks.€€ÌResponding€to€the€aftermath€of€this€event,€petroleum€industry€engineers€€Ìand€the€American€Petroleum€Institute€considerably€updated€existing€€Ìstandards€and€developed€several€new€standards.€Ì€€€€In€the€10-year€period€from€1987-1996,€operators€of€breakout€tanks€€Ìreported€152€accidents€to€Ô_ÔRSPAÔ_Ô.€These€accidents€caused€no€deaths;€three€€Ìinjuries€to€pipeline€personnel;€$12,422,894€of€property€damage;€and€€Ì153,972€spilled€barrels.€The€causes€were€reported€as:€25€leaks€in€the€€Ìtank€floor;€30€incorrect€operations;€8€outside€forces;€and€26€€Ìmalfunctions€of€control€or€relief€equipment.€The€remaining€63€were€€Ìrelated€to€problems€with€floating€roof€water€drain€lines,€lightning,€€Ìand€miscellaneous€other€causes.€Ì€€€€The€pipeline€safety€regulations€have€not€been€revised€to€reflect€€Ìthe€updating€and€development€of€new€consensus€standards€for€aboveground€€Ìsteel€storage€tanks.€Instead,€they€remain€very€limited€in€scope€and€too€€Ìgeneral€to€address€many€safety-related€aspects.€Ì€€€€Consequently,€Ô_ÔRSPAÔ_Ô€recognizes€the€need€to€update€the€safety€€Ìregulations€for€breakout€tanks.€The€most€appropriate€means€of€updating€€Ìis€the€incorporation€by€reference€into€Part€195€of€selected€consensus€€Ð	´-)* ÐÔ_Ôstandards.€They€are€widely€understood€and€have€been€extensively€€Ìimplemented€by€the€operators€of€breakout€tanks.€Ì€€€€RSPA€provided€operators€of€breakout€tanks,€the€petroleum€industry€€Ìand€the€general€public€the€opportunity€to€provide€early€input€on€RSPA's€€Ìintent€to€incorporate€consensus€standards€for€storage€tanks€through€€Ìpublic€meetings.€Ì€€€€RSPA€contracted€with€the€Texas€Transportation€Institute€(TTI)€to€€Ìobtain€professional€assistance€in€the€selection€of€consensus€standards€€Ìto€be€incorporated€into€the€breakout€tank€regulations.€TTI€is€€Ìassociated€with€Texas€A&M€University€at€College€station,€Texas.€Ì€€€€All€consensus€standards€are€being€adopted€on€a€prospective€basis,€€Ìmeaning€design,€construction€and€testing€requirements€apply€to€new€tank€€Ìconstruction€and€future€repairs,€alterations€or€replacements€of€€Ìexisting€tanks.€Operating€and€maintenance€requirements€apply€to€future€€Ìoperating€and€maintenance€activities.€The€deadlines€for€compliance€with€€Ìthe€new€requirements€are€specified€in€the€appropriate€sections€of€this€€Ìrule.€Ì€€€€For€additional€background€information€regarding€this€rule€please€€Ìrefer€to€the€Notice€of€Proposed€Rulemaking€(NPRM)€[63€FR€27903;€May€€Ì21,1998].€Ì€ÌProposed€Rule€Ì€Ì€€€€RSPA€published€an€NPRM€(63€FR€27903;€May€21,€1998),€proposing€to€€Ìincorporate€12€consensus€standards€for€aboveground€breakout€storage€€Ìtanks€into€49€CFR€Part€195.€In€addition,€a€13th€consensus€standard,€API€€Ì510,€has€been€added€for€inspection€of€high€pressure€vessels€built€to€€ÌAPI€standard€2510.€The€NPRM€requested€interested€persons€to€submit€€Ìcomments€by€July€20,€1998.€It€was€also€stated€that€late€filed€comments€€Ìwould€be€considered€as€far€as€practicable.€We€received€comments€from€€Ìnine€sources€including€American€Petroleum€Institute€(API)€and€U.S.€€ÌEnvironmental€Protection€Agency€(EPA)€prior€to€7/20/98.€After€which,€€ÌAPI€and€EPA€filed€second€set€of€comments€on€10/19/98€and€12/3/98€€Ìrespectively.€Ì€ÌFinal€Rule€Ì€Ì€€€€This€final€rule€incorporates€consensus€standards€for€aboveground€€Ìbreakout€storage€tanks€into€49€CFR€Part€195.€Currently€Sec.€195.3€lists€€Ì18€publications€that€have€been€incorporated€by€reference€into€Part€195.€€ÌThis€rule€now€incorporates€all€or€parts€of€an€additional€six€API€€Ìstandards€(510,€620,€650,€653,€2000€and€2510),€one€API€Specification€€Ì(12F),€four€API€Recommended€Practices€(651,€652,€2003€and€2350),€one€€Ð	´-)* ÐAPI€Publication€(2026),€and€NFPA€30.€Ì€ÌSubpart€A--General.€Ì€Ì€€€€Revised€Sec.€195.1(c)€explains€the€applicability€of€Part€195€to€€Ìbreakout€tanks.€It€further€explains€that€anhydrous€ammonia€breakout€€Ìtanks€need€not€comply€with€certain€requirements€in€Part€195.€Ì€€€€Listed€below€are€13€standards€incorporated€by€reference€wholly€or€€Ìpartially.€For€further€information€about€these€documents€please€refer€€Ìto€the€NPRM€[63€FR€27903;€May€21,€1998]€or€the€individual€standards.€Ì€€€€1.€API€SPECIFICATION€12F--Specification€for€Shop€Welded€Tanks€for€€ÌStorage€of€Production€Liquids,€Eleventh€Edition,€November€1,€1994.€Ì€€€€2.€API€510--Pressure€Vessel€Inspection€Code:€Maintenance€€ÌInspection,€Rating,€Repair,€and€Alteration,€Eighth€Edition,€June€1997.€Ì€€€€API€510€has€been€added€for€purposes€of€inspection€of€high€pressure€€Ìbreakout€tanks€built€to€API€standard€2510.€Ì€€€€3.€API€STANDARD€620--Design€and€Construction€of€Large,€Welded,€Low-€ÌPressure€Storage€Tanks,€Ninth€Edition,€February€1996€(Including€Addenda€€Ì1€and€2).€Ì€€€€4.€API€STANDARD€650--Welded€Steel€Tanks€for€Oil€Storage,€Ninth€€ÌEdition,€July€1993€(Including€Addenda€1€through€4).€Ì€€€€5.€API€RECOMMENDED€PRACTICE€651--Cathodic€Protection€of€Aboveground€€ÌPetroleum€Storage€Tanks,€Second€Edition,€Dec.€1997.€Ì€€€€6.€API€RECOMMENDED€PRACTICE€652--Lining€of€Aboveground€Petroleum€€ÌStorage€Tank€Bottoms,€Second€Edition,€December€1997.€Ì€€€€7.€API€STANDARD€653--Tank€Inspection,€Repair,€Alteration,€and€€ÌReconstruction,€Second€Edition,€December€1995€(Including€Addenda€1€and€€Ì2).€Ì€€€€8.€API€STANDARD€2000--Venting€Atmospheric€and€Low-Pressure€Storage€€ÌTanks,€Fourth€Edition,€September€1992.€Ì€€€€9.€API€RECOMMENDED€PRACTICE€2003--Protection€Against€Ignitions€€ÌArising€Out€of€Static,€Lightning,€and€Stray€Currents,€Sixth€Edition,€€ÌSeptember€1998.€Ì€€€€10.€API€PUBLICATION€2026--Safe€Access/Egress€Involving€Floating€€ÌRoofs€of€Storage€Tanks€in€Petroleum€Service,€Second€Edition,€April€€Ì1998.€Ì€€€€11.€API€RECOMMENDED€PRACTICE€2350--Overfill€Protection€for€Storage€€ÌTanks€In€Petroleum€Facilities,€Second€Edition,€Jan.€1996.€Ì€€€€12.€API€STANDARD€2510--Design€and€Construction€of€LPG€€ÌInstallations,€Seventh€Edition,€May€1995.€Ì€Ì[[Page€15928]]€Ì€Ð	´-)* Ѐ€€€13.€NFPA€30--Flammable€and€Combustible€Liquids€Code,€1996€Edition.€Ì€ÌSubpart€C--Design€Requirements€Ì€Ì€€€€The€revised€Sec.€195.132€now€includes€requirements€for€critical€€Ìengineering€subjects,€such€as€materials,€design,€fabrication,€erection,€€Ìmethods€of€inspecting€joints,€welding€procedure€and€welder€€Ìqualifications,€and€marking.€It€also€contains€other€important€topics€€Ìincluding€foundations,€external€floating€roofs,€seismic€design,€€Ìaluminum€dome€roofs,€internal€floating€roofs,€inspection€and€testing,€€Ìand€requirements€for€operating€at€elevated€temperatures.€These€topics€€Ìare€typical€of€the€engineering€subjects€covered€by€incorporating€by€€Ìreference€the€following€standards:€Ì€€€€(1)€API€Specification€12F€for€shop-fabricated€tanks€with€vapor€€Ìspace€pressure€that€are€approximately€atmospheric€with€capacity€of€90€€Ìto€750€barrels.€Ì€€€€(2)€API€Standard€650€for€atmospheric€pressure€tanks€with€pressures€€Ìnot€greater€than€2.5€psig.€Ì€€€€(3)€API€Standard€620€for€low€pressure€tanks€with€vapor€space€€Ìpressures€not€greater€than€15€psig.€Ì€€€€(4)€API€Standard€2510€for€LPG€tanks€with€capacity€of€2000€gallons€€Ìor€more€and€pressures€greater€than€15€psig.€Ì€ÌSubpart€D--Construction€Ì€Ì€€€€A€new€Sec.€195.205€on€Repair,€alteration€and€reconstruction€of€€Ìbreakout€tanks€that€have€been€in€service€requires€that€tanks€built€to€€ÌAPI€650€and€API€12C€are€to€be€modified€in€accordance€with€API€Standard€€Ì653.€Also,€tanks€built€to€API€620€may€be€modified€by€the€design,€€Ìwelding€examination€and€testing€provisions€of€API€standard€653€in€€Ìproper€conformance€with€the€stresses,€joint€efficiencies,€material€and€€Ìother€provisions€in€API€standard€620.€For€tanks€built€to€API€2510€€Ìmodifications€are€to€be€performed€in€accordance€with€the€API€510.€Ì€€€€In€Sec.€195.242€requirements€for€cathodic€protection€have€been€€Ìamended€for€the€aboveground€tanks€by€referencing€API€Recommended€€ÌPractices€651€for€the€bottoms€of€the€tanks€and€API€Recommended€€ÌPractices€652€for€the€internal€lining€of€the€tank€bottom.€Ì€€€€In€Sec.€195.264,€requirements€for€impoundment,€protection€against€€Ìentry,€normal/emergency€venting€and€pressure/vacuum€relief€for€the€€Ìabove€ground€breakout€tanks€have€been€revised.€In€addition€some€€Ìrequirements€of€NFPA€30€have€been€added€for€impoundment€by€diking.€Ì€ÌSubpart€E--Pressure€Testing€Ð	´-)* Ѐ̀€€€A€new€Sec.€195.307€requires€pressure€testing€of€breakout€tanks€€Ìnewly€placed€in€service€or€returned€to€service€after€18€months.€Testing€€Ìrequirements€reference€specified€tank€standards.€Ì€ÌSubpart€F--Operation€and€Maintenance€Ì€Ì€€€€A€new€Sec.€195.405€requires€protection€against€ignitions€and€safe€€Ìaccess/egress€involving€floating€roofs€in€accordance€with€API€RP€2003.€Ì€€€€Section€195.416€has€been€amended€by€adding€a€provision€for€the€€Ìinspection€of€cathodic€protection€systems€for€breakout€tanks€in€€Ìaccordance€with€API€RP€651.€Ì€€€€Section€195.428€has€been€amended€by€adding€provisions€for€the€€Ìinstallation€of€over€pressure€safety€devices€and€overfill€protection€€Ìsystems€in€accordance€with€API€RP€2350€and€API€Standard€2510.€Ì€€€€Section€195.432€has€been€revised€to€provide€maintenance€inspection€€Ìof€breakout€tanks€and€diking€in€accordance€with€the€provisions€of€API€€ÌStandard€653,€and€API€Standard€2510.€Ì€ÌDiscussion€of€Comments€Ì€Ì€€€€We€received€comments€from€the€following€sources€in€response€to€the€€ÌNPRM:€ÌTrade€associations:€American€Petroleum€Institute€(API);€The€Fertilizer€€ÌInstitute€(TFI);€Steel€Tank€Institute€(STI);€and€Independent€Liquid€€ÌTerminals€Association€(ILTA)€ÌStandards€organization:€National€Fire€Protection€Association€(NFPA)€ÌPipeline€operators:€Conoco€Pipeline€Company€(CONOCO);€TE€Products€€ÌPipeline€Company€(TEPPCO);€and€Amoco€Pipeline€Company€(AMOCO)€ÌFederal€agency:€United€States€Environmental€Protection€Agency€(EPA)€Ì€€€€In€addition,€as€discussed€under€another€heading€below,€the€€ÌTechnical€Hazardous€Liquid€Pipeline€Safety€Standards€Committee€€Ìconsidered€and€submitted€a€report€on€the€proposed€rules.€Ì€€€€Five€of€the€nine€commenters€(API,€AMOCO,€CONOCO,€TEPPCO,€NFPA)€€Ìgenerally€supported€the€NPRM,€but€expressed€concerns€or€suggested€€Ìchanges,€CONOCO€by€endorsing€API's€views.€EPA€opposed€our€regulatory€€Ìapproach€of€referencing€consensus€standards,€but€nevertheless€submitted€€Ìcomments€on€specific€issues.€Of€the€remaining€three€commenters,€TFI€and€€ÌILTA€raised€particular€points€about€the€NPRM,€and€STI€recommended€€Ìadditional€standards€to€incorporate€by€reference.€Ì€€€€We€did€not€consider€the€additional€consensus€standards€STI€€Ìsuggested€because€the€suggestions€were€not€tied€to€any€particular€€Ìaspect€of€the€NPRM.€All€other€significant€comments€on€the€NPRM€are€€Ð	´-)* Ðsummarized€in€this€section€of€the€preamble,€where€we€also€explain€our€€Ìresponse€to€those€comments.€Ì€ÌOrganization€of€Breakout€Tank€Rules€Ì€Ì€€€€API€commented€that€all€substantive€regulations€on€breakout€tanks€€Ìshould€be€consolidated€in€a€single€subpart€in€Part€195,€rather€than€€Ìscattered€among€several€subparts.€Ì€€€€We€did€not€adopt€this€suggestion€because€we€consider€it€€Ìimpractical.€Part€195€defines€a€``pipeline€system''€to€include€breakout€€Ìtanks.€Breakout€tanks€also€come€within€the€meaning€of€``pipeline€€Ìfacility''€as€defined€in€Part€195.€Consequently,€apart€from€the€final€€Ìrules€in€this€document,€there€are€many€substantive€regulations€in€Part€€Ì195€governing€pipeline€facilities€or€pipeline€systems€that€apply€to€€Ìbreakout€tanks.€For€example,€the€accident€reporting€requirements€in€€ÌSubpart€B,€the€operations€and€maintenance€manual€requirements€in€€ÌSec.€195.402,€and€the€training€requirements€in€Sec.€195.403€apply€to€€Ìbreakout€tanks€because€these€regulations€cover€all€parts€of€a€pipeline€€Ìsystem.€So€to€combine€all€the€substantive€requirements€for€breakout€€Ìtanks€in€a€single€subpart€would€require€duplicating€many€regulations€or€€Ìmaking€many€cross€references,€and€neither€approach€is€desirable.€Ì€€€€Still€we€believe€readers€could€benefit€from€more€direction€on€how€€Ìto€recognize€which€Part€195€regulations€apply€to€breakout€tanks.€So€we€€Ìhave€replaced€Sec.€195.1(c)€to€explain€the€applicability€of€Part€195€to€€Ìbreakout€tanks.€We€also€revised€Sec.€195.1(c)€by€deleting€certain€€Ìcompliance€deadlines€that€have€expired.€Ì€ÌIncorporation€by€Reference€Ì€Ì€€€€Two€commenters€indicated€there€is€possibly€some€confusion€over€the€€Ìexact€composition€of€matter€incorporated€by€reference.€First,€TEPPCO€€Ìasked€whether€a€document€or€part€of€a€document€that€is€referenced€by€€Ìmaterial€incorporated€by€reference€is€similarly€incorporated€by€€Ìreference.€AMOCO€declared€that€such€internal€references€have€no€€Ìregulatory€force.€On€the€contrary,€we€believe€if€a€document€part€that€€Ìis€incorporated€by€reference€refers€to€a€separate€part€of€the€same€€Ìdocument€or€another€document,€compliance€with€that€separate€part€is€€Ìrequired€if€it€is€necessary€for€compliance€with€the€original€referenced€€Ìdocument€part.€If€the€internal€reference€is€informational€or€advisory€€Ìand€not€necessary€for€compliance,€then€operators€are€not€obliged€to€€Ìcomply€with€it.€Ì€Ì[[Page€15929]]€Ô_ÔÐ	´-)* Ѐ̀€€€Ô_ÔTEPPCOÔ_Ô€and€API€suggested€that€we€amend€the€section€in€Part€195€that€€Ìlists€referenced€documents€(Sec.€195.3)€to€state€which€parts€of€the€€Ìdocuments€are€incorporated€by€reference€if€the€whole€document€is€not€€Ìincorporated.€Section€195.3(a)€now€provides€that€an€entire€document€is€€Ìnot€incorporated€by€reference€in€Part€195€when€only€a€part€of€the€€Ìdocument€is€referenced.€Whether€an€entire€document€or€only€part€of€a€€Ìdocument€is€referenced€depends€on€the€scope€of€the€reference€in€the€€ÌPart€195€section€that€states€the€reference.€For€example,€under€proposed€€ÌSec.€195.132,€certain€breakout€tanks€would€have€to€be€designed€and€€Ìconstructed€in€accordance€with€certain€API€documents.€Thus,€all€€Ìprovisions€of€the€API€documents€that€apply€to€design€and€construction€€Ìof€breakout€tanks€would€be€incorporated€by€reference.€If€those€€Ìprovisions€are€found€in€only€parts€of€the€documents,€then€only€those€€Ìparts€would€be€incorporated€by€reference.€But€if€an€entire€document€€Ìgoverns€design€and€construction,€the€entire€document€would€be€€Ìincorporated€by€reference.€Although€we€do€not€think€it€would€be€€Ìpractical€to€duplicate€in€Sec.€195.3€the€scope€of€the€various€€Ìreferences€included€throughout€Part€195,€we€are€amending€the€lead-in€to€€ÌSec.€195.3(c)€to€clarify€that€the€listed€publications€may€be€referenced€€Ìin€whole€or€in€part€in€Part€195.€Ì€ÌEngineering€Judgment€Ì€Ì€€€€API€commented€that€its€consensus€standards€were€developed€as€an€aid€€Ìto€engineering€judgment,€not€as€a€replacement€for€it.€It€said€that€its€€Ìconsensus€standards€may€not€fit€every€tank€situation€and€were€not€€Ìintended€to€be€strictly€met.€Therefore,€API€suggested€that€in€enforcing€€Ìthe€standards,€we€recognize€the€need€for€engineering€judgment€and€look€€Ìfor€attainment€of€objectives€(such€as€tank€integrity€and€release€€Ìprevention)€rather€than€strict€adherence€to€the€terms€of€the€standards.€Ì€€€€On€this€issue,€EPA€noted€that€in€many€of€API's€consensus€standards€€Ìthe€requirements€are€optional.€A€document's€foreword€may€permit€€Ìoperators€not€to€meet€sections€they€consider€unnecessary€to€follow€in€€Ìparticular€circumstances.€As€an€example,€EPA€cited€API€653€(referenced€€Ìin€proposed€Ô_ÔSecsÔ_Ô.€195.205,€195.307,€and€195.432)€in€which€the€foreword€€Ìstates€``If€tanks€are€inspected,€repaired,€altered,€or€reconstructed€in€€Ìaccordance€with€this€standard,€the€owner/operator€may€elect€to€modify,€€Ìdelete,€or€amplify€sections€of€this€standard.''€Ì€€€€In€the€Ô_ÔNPRMÔ_Ô,€we€proposed€the€following€levels€of€compliance€for€the€€Ìdifferent€types€of€API€and€Ô_ÔNFPAÔ_Ô€documents€that€would€be€incorporated€by€€Ìreference:€Ì€€€€&Ô_Ôlt;bulletÔ_Ô&Ô_ÔgtÔ_Ô;€Standard,€Specification€or€Code--An€operator€would€be€€Ð	´-)* ÐÔ_Ôexpected€to€comply€with€the€provisions.€Ì€€€€<bullet>€Recommended€Practice--An€operator€would€be€expected€to€€Ìfollow€the€provisions€unless€the€operator€notes€in€the€procedural€€Ìmanual€the€reasons€why€compliance€with€all€or€certain€provisions€is€not€€Ìnecessary€for€the€safety€of€a€particular€breakout€tank€or€tanks.€Ì€€€€<bullet>€Publication--These€provisions€provide€guidelines,€safety€€Ìpractices€and€precautions€for€the€operator's€review€and€consideration€€Ìfor€inclusion€in€the€procedural€manual.€Ì€€€€By€this€proposal€we€meant€that€operators€would€have€to€meet€the€€Ìreferenced€parts€of€standards,€specifications,€and€codes€according€to€€Ìthe€terms€of€those€parts.€Although€operators€could€decide€not€to€abide€€Ìby€referenced€parts€of€recommended€practices€or€publications,€we€did€€Ìnot€intend€for€them€to€have€this€same€discretion€regarding€compliance€€Ìwith€referenced€parts€of€standards,€specifications,€or€codes.€€ÌTherefore,€in€the€final€rules,€none€of€the€references€to€parts€of€€Ìstandards,€specifications,€or€codes€may€be€interpreted€to€include€a€€Ìstatement€in€the€document's€foreword€or€elsewhere€outside€the€€Ìreferenced€part€that€would€absolve€the€operator€of€its€responsibility€€Ìto€comply€with€the€referenced€part.€For€example,€the€statement€in€€Ìsection€1-1.3€of€NFPA€30€that€the€code€does€not€apply€to€€Ì``[t]ransportation€of€flammable€and€combustible€liquids,€as€governed€by€€Ìthe€U.€S.€Department€of€Transportation''€does€not€nullify€the€€Ìreferences€to€particular€sections€of€NFPA€30€in€final€Sec.€195.264.€Ì€€€€Nonetheless,€if€the€referenced€part€of€a€standard,€specification,€€Ìor€code€allows€or€calls€for€the€use€of€engineering€judgment,€in€€Ìdetermining€compliance€with€the€referenced€part,€we€will€not€object€to€€Ìthe€use€of€judgment.€We€will,€however,€compare€the€judgment€used€€Ìagainst€what€is€reasonable€under€the€circumstances.€If€an€operator€€Ìwishes€to€achieve€a€particular€objective€in€a€way€that€differs€from€the€€Ìreferenced€part€of€a€standard,€specification,€or€code€or€falls€outside€€Ìthe€range€of€allowable€judgment,€it€can€request€permission€to€do€so€by€€Ìapplying€to€us€or€the€appropriate€state€agency,€as€applicable,€for€a€€Ìwaiver€of€the€referenced€part€(see€49€U.S.C.€60118).€Ì€€€€EPA€also€raised€an€enforcement€issue€with€regard€to€the€proposed€€Ìreferences€to€API€recommended€practices€(Secs.€195.242€(c)€and€(d),€€Ì195.405,€195.416(j),€and€195.428(c)).€EPA€said€that€although€an€€Ìoperator€would€have€to€include€in€its€procedural€manual€its€reason€for€€Ìnot€applying€a€practice€to€a€particular€tank,€the€proposal€did€not€€Ìprovide€a€way€for€us€to€order€compliance€with€the€practice€if€we€do€not€€Ìagree€with€the€operator's€reason.€Ì€€€€This€additional€provision€is€not€needed,€however,€because€€Ìoperators'€procedural€manuals€are€subject€to€review€and€amendment€by€€Ìour€enforcement€personnel.€Under€the€enforcement€procedures€in€49€CFR€€Ð	´-)* Ð190.237,€if€our€enforcement€personnel€have€reason€to€believe€an€€Ìoperator's€operations€and€maintenance€procedures€are€inadequate€for€€Ìsafety,€they€conduct€proceedings€to€determine€the€adequacy€and€can€€Ìorder€the€operator€to€change€any€procedures€found€inadequate.€In€€Ìaddition,€under€49€CFR€190.233,€we€can€order€immediate€corrective€€Ìaction€for€any€pipeline€facility€that€we€believe€poses€a€serious€threat€€Ìto€life€or€property.€Ì€ÌPerformance€Standards€v.€Consensus€Standards€Ì€Ì€€€€EPA€stated€that€requiring€operators€to€apply€consensus€standards€€Ìwould€lock€them€into€present-day€technologies€and€practices,€and€€Ìprevent€them€from€using€innovative€techniques€until€we€grant€special€€Ìapprovals€or€reference€a€later€consensus€standard€that€permits€the€new€€Ìtechniques.€As€an€alternative€approach,€EPA€recommended€that€we€adopt€€Ìtank€rules€that€establish€the€level€of€performance€to€be€achieved,€€Ìleaving€operators€free€to€use€the€latest€technologies€and€practices€to€€Ìachieve€it.€Ì€€€€In€contrast,€API€pointed€out€that€its€standards€are€regularly€€Ìrevised€and€reflect€constant€improvement€by€committees€of€experts,€so€€Ìthat€use€of€new€technologies€is€not€discouraged.€API€also€noted€that€we€€Ìhave€been€amending€our€pipeline€safety€standards€to€stay€apace€with€€Ìchanges€to€referenced€consensus€standards.€Ì€€€€We€recognize€the€advantage€of€performance€standards,€and€Part€195€€Ìhas€many€standards€of€this€kind.€But€it€also€has€standards€that€€Ìincorporate€consensus€standards€by€reference.€Consensus€standards€have€€Ìbeen€referenced€when€performance€standards€were€not€available€or€could€€Ìnot€be€developed€soon€enough€to€meet€the€need€for€safety€regulation.€€ÌStill,€in€our€experience,€referencing€consensus€standards€has€not€€Ìstymied€the€use€of€new€pipeline€technologies.€As€API€said€about€its€own€€Ìstandards,€most€of€the€referenced€standards€are€updated€regularly.€€ÌMoreover,€our€pipeline€safety€regulations€allow€operators€to€use€new€€Ìtechnologies€permitted€under€the€latest€editions€of€referenced€€Ìconsensus€standards€as€long€as€the€new€technology€does€not€result€in€€Ìless€safety€than€Ì€Ì[[Page€15930]]€Ì€Ìrequired€by€the€referenced€edition€(see€Sec.€195.101).€Ì€ÌEnvironmental€Protection€Ì€Ì€€€€EPA€said€that€regulations€other€than€the€proposed€referenced€€Ð	´-)* Ðstandards€would€be€needed€to€protect€the€environment€adequately€against€€Ìpotential€tank€spills.€It€said€operators€should€be€required€to€evaluate€€Ìbreakout€tank€areas€and€provide€facilities,€equipment,€or€practices€at€€Ìcritical€locations€to€prevent€possible€major€oil€discharges€from€€Ìleaving€the€breakout€tank€area.€EPA€also€recommended€that€we€require€€Ìproper€security€measures€to€protect€against€releases€from€vandalism.€Ì€€€€This€comment€did€not€acknowledge€our€many€existing€regulations€for€€Ìbreakout€tanks€that€require€evaluation€and€preventive€practices€to€€Ìguard€against€environmental€damage.€For€instance,€Sec.€195.402(c)(4)€€Ìrequires€operators,€as€part€of€their€detailed€operations€and€€Ìmaintenance€plan,€to€determine€which€facilities€would€require€an€€Ìimmediate€response€to€prevent€hazards.€Sec.€195.403(a)(3)€requires€€Ìtraining€to€recognize€conditions€likely€to€cause€emergencies€in€the€€Ìevent€of€malfunctions€or€failures;€and€under€Sec.€195.436,€operators€€Ìmust€protect€breakout€tank€areas€against€vandalism€and€unauthorized€€Ìentry.€Further€regulations€in€49€CFR€Part€194€require€operators€to€€Ìdevelop€and€follow€contingency€plans€for€responding€to€spills€from€€Ìbreakout€tanks,€and€to€provide€adequate€resources€for€oil€spill€€Ìresponse.€Even€more€environmental€protection€would€be€required€by€the€€Ìproposed€rules€that€reference€consensus€standards,€especially€those€€Ìstandards€for€corrosion€control€of€tank€bottoms€and€spill€impoundment.€€ÌTherefore,€we€think€the€combination€of€existing€breakout€tank€€Ìregulations€and€those€we€are€adopting€in€this€final€rule€will€result€in€€Ìan€adequate€level€of€environmental€protection.€But€we€will€continue€to€€Ìmonitor€the€safety€and€environmental€record€of€breakout€tanks€and€take€€Ìany€further€action€that€is€warranted€by€new€circumstances.€Ì€ÌOverlapping€Federal€Regulation€of€Breakout€Tanks€Ì€Ì€€€€ILTA€voiced€concern€about€the€dual€federal€regulation€of€storage€€Ìtanks€at€for-hire€and€marketing€terminals.€This€commenter€noted€€Ìcorrectly€that€a€storage€tank€comes€under€the€definition€of€``breakout€€Ìtank''€in€Part€195€if€it€receives€a€petroleum€product€by€pipeline€and€€Ìthen€reinjects€it€into€a€pipeline€for€continued€transportation.€It€said€€Ìthe€tank€would€be€subject€to€EPA's€Spill€Prevention€Control€and€€ÌCountermeasure€(SPCC)€regulations€if€it€can€also€transfer€the€product€€Ìto€another€mode€of€transit€serving€the€terminal.€ILTA€also€pointed€out€€Ìthat€our€present€definition€of€``breakout€tank''€is€not€supported€by€€Ìthe€1971€memorandum€of€understanding€(MOU)€between€DOT€(U.S.€Coast€€ÌGuard)€and€EPA€on€transportation-related€facilities€(40€CFR€Part€112,€€ÌApp.€A),€and€urged€us€to€continue€to€work€with€EPA€to€lessen€the€€Ìproblems€of€overlapping€jurisdiction.€In€its€comment€on€this€subject,€€ÌEPA€asked€that€we€amend€our€definition€of€``breakout€tank''€to€adhere€€Ð	´-)* Ðto€the€Congressional€intent€that€we€regulate€only€those€storage€tanks€€Ìthat€are€``incidental€to€pipeline€transportation.''€The€agency€€Ìsuggested€that€doing€so€would€require€us€to€exclude€tanks€that€serve€€Ìnon-pipeline€modes€of€transportation.€Ì€€€€First,€it€is€important€to€point€out€that€our€current€definition€of€€Ì``breakout€tank''€was€adopted€with€full€cognizance€that€our€statutory€€Ìauthority€over€hazardous€liquid€storage€tanks€is€limited€to€tanks€that€€Ìare€incidental€to€pipeline€transportation€(46€FR€38358;€July€27,€1981).€€ÌWe€continue€to€consider€this€limitation€to€bar€the€regulation€of€€Ìstorage€tanks€used€exclusively€in€non-pipeline€modes€of€transportation,€€Ìbut€not€to€bar€the€regulation€of€tanks€used€intermodally€with€€Ìpipelines,€such€as€breakout€tanks€that€also€serve€cargo€vessels,€tank€€Ìcars,€or€tank€trucks.€The€application€of€Part€195€to€intermodal€€Ìbreakout€tanks€was€an€issue€in€the€case€of€Exxon€Corporation€v.€United€€ÌStates€Secretary€of€Transportation€(978€F.Supp.€946),€and€the€court€€Ìconcluded€the€tank€in€question€was€subject€to€Part€195.€Ì€€€€Indeed,€we€believe€that€safety€and€environmental€protection€are€€Ìenhanced€under€our€definition€of€``breakout€tank''.€The€regulations€we€€Ìare€issuing€today€incorporate€up-to-date€pipeline€industry€safety€€Ìpractices€that€were€recently€developed€by€expert€engineers€to€prevent€€Ìsignificant€storage€tank€accidents.€For€this€reason,€we€think€these€€Ìregulations€may€be€more€appropriate€than€EPA's€SPCC€rules€to€prevent€€Ìpipeline€breakout€tank€accidents.€And€excluding€certain€categories€of€€Ìtanks€from€the€regulations€as€a€way€of€minimizing€regulatory€overlap€€Ìmay€not€be€in€the€public€interest.€The€members€of€our€Technical€€ÌHazardous€Liquid€Pipeline€Safety€Standards€Committee€who€represent€€Ìenvironmental€interests€supported€the€NPRM's€approach€to€environmental€€Ìprotection€when€the€committee€discussed€the€merits€of€the€NPRM.€Ì€€€€Nevertheless,€we€are€concerned€that€the€industry€faces€overlapping€€Ìfederal€storage€tank€regulations€at€intermodal€transportation€€Ìterminals.€While€the€1971€MOU€applies€to€the€Coast€Guard's€and€EPA's€€Ìregulatory€authority€under€the€Federal€Water€Pollution€Control€Act,€we€€Ìcannot€ignore€its€spillover€effect€on€our€own€regulatory€program.€€ÌTherefore,€we€will€continue€to€talk€to€EPA€officials€hopefully€to€reach€€Ìagreement€on€the€best€way€for€each€agency€to€exercise€its€regulatory€€Ìauthority€at€intermodal€transportation€terminals€without€creating€undue€€Ìburdens€on€industry.€In€this€regard,€we€will€work€to€(1)€clarify€each€€Ìagency's€jurisdiction€to€issue€pollution€prevention€and€response€€Ìplanning€regulations,€and€define€which€facilities€are€jointly€regulated€€Ìand€which€are€exclusively€subject€to€EPA€or€RSPA€regulations;€(2)€€Ìdevelop€a€way€to€resolve€site-specific€jurisdictional€disputes;€(3)€€Ìdevelop€information€that€explains€each€agency's€jurisdiction€at€€Ìintermodal€facilities;€(4)€jointly€oversee€operator€compliance;€(5)€€Ð	´-)* Ðaddress€response€preparedness€issues€at€certain€facilities;€and€(6)€€Ìcommit€additional€resources€to€regional€response€activities.€Ì€ÌAnhydrous€Ammonia€Tanks€Ì€Ì€€€€TFI€argued€that€many€of€the€proposed€rules€were€not€appropriate€for€€Ìanhydrous€ammonia€breakout€tanks.€It€said€that€because€of€their€unique€€Ìcharacteristics,€anhydrous€ammonia€breakout€tanks€are€not€treated€the€€Ìsame€as€petroleum€breakout€tanks€in€matters€of€design,€construction,€€Ìoperation,€and€maintenance.€TFI€listed€various€problems€it€saw€with€the€€Ìproposed€rules€and,€in€some€cases,€recommended€alternative€consensus€€Ìstandards.€This€commenter€advised€that€we€either€exclude€anhydrous€€Ìammonia€breakout€tanks€from€the€final€rules€or€adopt€appropriate€€Ìrequirements€for€these€tanks.€Ì€€€€Because€the€existing€Part€195€standards€that€apply€to€breakout€€Ìtanks€apply€equally€to€anhydrous€ammonia€and€petroleum€tanks,€we€did€€Ìnot€question€whether€the€proposed€references€to€API€and€NFPA€standards€€Ìwould€be€suitable€for€both€types€of€tanks.€Now,€however,€in€view€of€€ÌTFI's€comment€and€having€no€information€to€the€contrary,€we€are€€Ìhesitant€to€impose€on€operators€of€anhydrous€ammonia€breakout€tanks€any€€Ìof€the€proposed€rules€that€we€believe€might€not€be€wholly€appropriate€€Ìfor€such€tanks.€Therefore,€we€are€adding€a€sentence€to€the€new€€ÌSec.€195.1(c)€to€exclude€anhydrous€ammonia€breakout€tanks€from€final€€ÌSecs.€195.132(b),€195.205(b),€195.242(c)€and€(d),€195.264(b)€and€(e),€€Ì195.307,€195.428(c)€and€(d),€and€195.432(b)€and€(c).€At€the€same€time,€€Ìwe€will€continue€to€monitor€the€safety€performance€of€anhydrous€ammonia€€Ìbreakout€tanks€and€Ì€Ì[[Page€15931]]€Ì€Ìtake€any€further€rulemaking€action€that€is€warranted,€including€€Ìreferencing€appropriate€consensus€standards.€Ì€ÌRiveted€and€Bolted€Tanks€Ì€Ì€€€€EPA€said€the€proposed€rules€do€not€sufficiently€address€problems€on€€Ìriveted€and€bolted€tanks.€These€tanks,€it€said,€are€usually€older€and€€Ìmore€susceptible€to€leaks€and€their€bottoms€require€different€€Ìinspection€methods.€API,€however,€pointed€out€that€API€Standard€653€€Ìcovers€the€integrity€maintenance€of€riveted€tanks€and€specifically€€Ìaddresses€older€tanks.€API€also€said€most€transportation€tanks€are€€Ìwelded€and€that€bolted€tanks€are€used€in€the€exploration€and€production€€Ìsector€of€the€oil€industry.€Ð	´-)* Ѐ€€€Besides€API€Standard€653,€we€believe€several€other€consensus€€Ìstandards€we€proposed€to€reference€apply€to€riveted€tanks:€API€€ÌRecommended€Practice€651,€API€Recommended€Practice€652,€API€Recommended€€ÌPractice€2003,€API€Recommended€Practice€2350,€API€Standard€2000,€API€€ÌPublication€2026,€and€NFPA€30.€Moreover,€our€safety€data€do€not€€Ìindicate€that€additional€requirements€are€needed€to€combat€leakage€€Ìproblems€in€older€riveted€tanks.€For€example,€in€its€breakout€tank€€Ìreport€(discussed€in€the€NPRM),€the€Texas€Transportation€Institute€€Ìfound€that€the€general€condition€and€appearance€of€the€older€riveted€€Ìtanks€it€investigated€were€excellent.€Although€EPA€correctly€observed€€Ìthat€riveted€tank€inspection€differs€from€welded€tank€inspection,€the€€ÌNPRM€did€not€propose€rules€for€the€methods€of€inspecting€either€welded€€Ìor€riveted€tanks.€Ì€€€€As€to€bolted€tanks,€our€experience€shows€that€these€tanks€are€used€€Ìprimarily€to€store€field€production,€and€few,€if€any,€of€these€tanks€€Ìare€used€as€breakout€tanks€subject€to€Part€195.€Any€bolted€breakout€€Ìtanks€that€do€exist€are€covered€by€existing€Part€195€requirements€and€€Ìare€subject€to€inspection€by€federal€and€state€pipeline€safety€€Ìenforcement€personnel.€Ì€ÌOperator€Error€Ì€Ì€€€€EPA€stated€that€API€standards€do€not€address€the€problem€of€€Ìoperator€error,€which€accounts€for€a€large€percentage€of€pipeline€€Ìspills.€EPA€suggested€operator€personnel€should€receive€proper€€Ìtraining,€and€after€a€spill,€operators€should€review€their€training€€Ìpractices€to€see€if€changes€are€needed€to€prevent€spills€from€€Ìrecurrence€based€on€operator€error.€Ì€€€€The€NPRM€did€not€propose€training€requirements€because€existing€€ÌSec.€195.403€requires€breakout€tank€operators€to€have€a€detailed€€Ìtraining€program€for€operating€and€maintenance€personnel.€Under€this€€Ìprogram,€operators€periodically€review€personnel€performances€and€€Ìchange€the€training€as€necessary€to€make€it€effective.€In€addition,€in€€Ìa€separate€proceeding,€we€have€proposed€new€rules€on€the€qualification€€Ìof€personnel€to€perform€safety-related€tasks€(63€FR€57269;€Oct.€27,€€Ì1998).€We€intend€to€issue€a€final€rule€on€the€qualification€of€€Ìpersonnel€in€the€near€future.€Ì€ÌSection€195.205(b)(2)€Ì€Ì€€€€In€this€section,€we€proposed€that€the€repair,€alteration,€and€€Ìreconstruction€of€breakout€tanks€built€to€API€Specification€12F,€API€€ÌStandard€620,€or€API€Standard€2510€be€done€in€accordance€with€those€€Ð	´-)* Ðrespective€standards.€API€commented€that€because€API€Standard€2510€€Ìapplies€to€the€design€and€construction€of€new€tanks€and€has€limited€€Ìapplication€to€existing€tanks,€the€reference€to€API€Standard€2510€may€€Ìbe€confusing.€It€suggested€that€the€references€in€proposed€€ÌSec.€195.205(b)(2)€be€stated€more€specifically€to€refer€to€the€€Ì``design,€welding,€examination,€and€material€requirements€of€those€€Ìrespective€standards.''€API€also€suggested€that€we€add€a€sentence€to€€Ìproposed€Sec.€195.205(b)(2)€to€refer€to€API€510,€``Pressure€Vessel€€ÌInspection€Code:€Maintenance€Inspection,€Rating,€Repair,€and€€ÌAlteration,''€for€regulation€on€the€repairs€and€alteration€of€tanks€€Ìbuilt€to€API€Standard€2510.€Ì€€€€Based€on€this€comment,€final€Sec.€195.205(b)(2)€contains€more€€Ìspecific€references.€And€we€have€added€a€new€paragraph€under€€ÌSec.€195.205(b)(3)€regarding€use€of€API€510€for€repairs,€alteration€and€€Ìreconstruction€of€high€pressure€tanks.€Ì€ÌSection€195.264€Ì€Ì€€€€We€proposed€to€increase€the€present€requirements€of€Sec.€195.264€€Ìrelated€to€spill€containment€and€relief€venting.€In€proposed€€ÌSec.€195.264(b)(1)(i),€we€referenced€section€2-3.4.3€of€NFPA€30€for€€Ìsecondary€containment€by€impounding€around€a€breakout€tank.€But€we€€Ìproposed€to€apply€the€specific€requirements€in€section€2-3.4.3€€Ìconcerning€``Class€I€[flammable]€liquids''€to€all€``hazardous€liquids''€€Ìsubject€to€Part€195.€API€objected€to€this€proposed€expansion€of€the€€ÌClass€I-specific€requirements€as€inappropriate€because€these€€Ìrequirements€are€long-standing,€well€understood,€and€technically€sound.€€ÌNFPA€pointed€out€that€our€Class€I€proposal€created€the€false€impression€€Ìthat€section€2-3.4.3€of€NFPA€30€is€limited€to€Class€I€liquids,€when,€in€€Ìfact,€other€hazardous€liquids€are€covered€as€well.€Upon€€Ìreconsideration,€we€believe€the€proposed€expansion€of€specific€Class€I€€Ìliquid€requirements€was€not€consistent€with€the€intent€of€the€NPRM€to€€Ìrequire€the€industry€to€follow€consensus€standards.€Therefore,€we€have€€Ìnot€adopted€our€proposal€replacing€``hazardous€liquids''€in€the€final€€Ìrule.€Ì€€€€API€also€objected€to€the€term€``secondary€containment''€in€proposed€€ÌSec.€195.264(b).€It€said€section€2-3.4.3€of€NFPA€30€applies€to€€Ìimpoundment,€which€better€describes€the€function€of€diked€areas€around€€Ìtanks.€We€agree€and€have€substituted€``impoundment''€for€``secondary€€Ìcontainment''€in€the€final€rule.€Ì€€€€NFPA€suggested€we€reference€additional€sections€of€NFPA€30€in€€ÌSec.€195.264:€section€2-9.3€for€security,€and€sections€2-3.5€and€2-3.6€€Ìfor€normal€and€emergency€venting.€The€latter€two€sections,€NFPA€said,€€Ð	´-)* Ðwould€eliminate€the€need€for€references€to€API€documents€in€proposed€€ÌSec.€195.264(e)(1)-(3).€Since€the€NPRM€did€not€propose€to€substantively€€Ìchange€the€existing€breakout€tank€security€requirement€€Ì(Sec.€195.264(b)),€we€did€not€consider€referencing€section€2-9.3€of€€ÌNFPA€30€in€the€final€rule.€Further,€even€though€the€suggested€NFPA€30€€Ìsections€may€yield€comparable€results,€in€the€absence€of€negative€€Ìcomments€about€the€proposed€references€to€API€documents€for€normal€and€€Ìemergency€venting,€we€are€leaving€these€API€references€in€the€final€€Ìrule.€Ì€€€€EPA€described€what€it€called€``inherent€weaknesses''€in€the€spill€€Ìcontrol€provisions€of€NFPA€30.€Specifically,€EPA€said€NFPA€30€limits€€Ìdike€height,€does€not€require€free€board€space€for€precipitation,€and€€Ìallows€alternatives€that€can€compromise€environmental€protection.€It€€Ìalso€noted€the€lack€of€requirements€for€certification€by€a€professional€€Ìengineer,€spill€history€records,€predictions€of€spill€rate€and€€Ìdirection,€inspection€of€impoundment,€and€response€plans€with€€Ìcommitment€of€personnel€and€equipment.€EPA€suggested€we€adopt€its€SPCC€€Ìregulations€instead€of€the€NFPA€requirements.€Doing€so,€EPA€said,€would€€Ìresult€in€better€environmental€protection.€But€API€contended€the€SPCC€€Ìregulation€is€inappropriate€for€pipeline€breakout€tanks€because€it€€Ìaddresses€entire€plants€and€contains€specific€requirements€for€non-€Ìtransportation€facilities.€Ì€€€€The€weaknesses€EPA€found€with€the€spill€control€provisions€of€NFPA€€Ì30€either€do€not€exist€or€are€mitigated€by€other€considerations.€€ÌSection€2-3.4.3(f)€allows€dikes€of€any€height€that€provide€normal€€Ìaccess€to€the€enclosure.€The€need€for€free€board€must€be€considered€as€€Ìrequired€by€appendix€A-2-3.4.3(b).€Although€section€1-4€permits€€Ìequivalent€alternatives,€as€we€discussed€above€under€the€``Engineering€Ì€Ì[[Page€15932]]€Ì€ÌJudgment''€heading,€this€provision€is€not€included€in€the€parts€of€NFPA€€Ì30€incorporated€by€reference€in€Sec.€195.264.€None€of€the€Part€195€€Ìrules€require€operators€to€obtain€professional€engineer€certifications€€Ìto€demonstrate€compliance,€and€we€do€not€consider€the€lack€of€such€a€€Ìrequirement€in€NFPA€30€to€be€a€shortcoming€in€the€regulation€of€spill€€Ìcontrol.€Breakout€tank€operators€have€to€keep€records€of€spills€under€€ÌSec.€195.404(b),€and€Sec.€195.402(c)(4)€requires€operators€to€consider€€Ìpotential€spill€characteristics€in€determining€which€facilities€may€€Ìrequire€immediate€response€in€the€event€of€a€failure€or€malfunction.€€ÌThe€construction€of€impoundment€must€be€inspected€as€required€by€€ÌSec.€195.204,€and€spill€response€plans€backed€by€committed€resources€€Ìare€required€by€Sec.€195.402(e)€and€49€CFR€Part€194.€In€conclusion,€we€€Ð	´-)* Ðare€including€the€proposed€references€to€NFPA€30€in€final€Sec.€195.264.€€ÌAs€we€said€above€in€the€discussion€on€overlapping€federal€regulation,€€Ìbecause€the€final€rules€are€directed€primarily€at€preventing€breakout€€Ìtank€accidents,€we€do€not€think€the€SPCC€regulations€would€result€in€€Ìbetter€environmental€protection.€Ì€ÌSection€195.307€Ì€Ì€€€€API€suggested€we€take€the€word€``pressure''€out€of€the€title€of€€Ìproposed€Sec.€195.307,€``Pressure€testing€breakout€tanks.''€API€said€€Ìnot€all€testing€under€the€section€is€pressure€testing.€Ì€€€€This€comment€probably€arose€because€pressure€testing€is€mentioned€€Ìonly€in€paragraph€(e),€while€paragraphs€(a)-(d)€deal€with€pneumatic€or€€Ìhydrostatic€testing.€However,€since€pneumatic€and€hydrostatic€testing€€Ìare€forms€of€pressure€testing,€we€have€kept€the€proposed€title€in€the€€Ìfinal€rule.€Ì€ÌSection€195.405€Ì€Ì€€€€We€proposed,€under€Sec.€195.405(b),€to€reduce€the€hazards€€Ìassociated€with€maintenance€of€tank€floating€roofs€by€requiring€€Ìoperators€to€consider€adding€the€safety€practices€of€API€Publication€€Ì2026€to€their€operation€and€maintenance€manuals.€AMOCO€contended€this€€Ìproposal€was€unnecessary€because€it€duplicates€similar€requirements€in€€Ìthe€Occupational€Safety€and€Health€Administration's€confined€space€€Ìregulation€(29€CFR€1910.146).€Ì€€€€We€considered€this€comment€and€decided€to€adopt€the€proposed€rule€€Ìas€final.€OSHA's€regulation€has€general€application€to€a€variety€of€€Ìconfined€spaces,€but€API€Publication€2026€deals€specifically€with€€Ìentering€and€exiting€floating€roofs.€Also,€if€AMOCO's€assessment€is€€Ìcorrect,€operators's€existing€procedures€should€already€satisfy€the€€Ìguidelines€in€API€Publication€2026.€Moreover,€as€29€CFR€1910.5(b)€€Ìindicates,€OSHA's€confined€space€requirements€do€not€apply€to€employee€€Ìworking€conditions€for€which€another€federal€agency€prescribes€€Ìregulations€affecting€occupational€safety€or€health.€This€provision€€Ìreduces€the€potential€for€problems€to€result€from€duplication€of€any€€ÌOSHA€requirement€in€29€CFR€Part€1910.€Ì€ÌSection€195.428€(c)-(e)€Ì€Ì€€€€We€proposed,€under€Sec.€195.428(c)€and€(d),€that€within€18€months€€Ìof€the€final€rule€certain€tanks€have€overfill€protection€systems€that€€Ìmeet€API€Recommended€Practice€2350,€or€meet€API€Standard€2510€if€the€€Ð	´-)* Ðtank€was€built€to€that€standard.€API,€AMOCO,€and€TEPPCO€argued€that€we€€Ìshould€not€require€existing€tanks€to€have€these€systems.€It€said€€Ìapplying€the€proposed€rule€retroactively€to€tanks€without€such€systems€€Ìwould€require€significant€expenditures€for€conduit,€wiring,€possibly€€Ìdegassing,€and€temporary€removal€of€the€tank€from€service.€Ì€€€€For€these€same€reasons,€we€did€not€intend€to€apply€proposed€€ÌSec.€195.428(c)€and€(d)€retroactively.€Consistent€with€our€statement€€Ìthat€the€proposed€rules€would€result€in€minimal€or€no€cost€for€€Ìoperators€(63€FR€27908),€we€intended€that€operators€install€overfill€€Ìprotection€systems€as€they€customarily€do:€when€constructing€new€tanks€€Ìor€significantly€altering€existing€tanks.€Therefore,€the€final€rule€€Ìclarifies€this€limited€application,€which€begins€18€months€from€today.€€ÌIn€addition,€for€clarity€and€simplification,€we€have€combined€proposed€€Ìparagraphs€(c)€and€(d)€into€final€paragraph€(c).€Final€paragraph€(d)€€Ìrestates€proposed€paragraph€(e)€concerning€inspecting€and€testing€€Ìoverfill€protection€systems.€Ì€ÌSection€195.432€Ì€Ì€€€€In€this€section€we€proposed€that€starting€18€months€after€the€final€€Ìrule€is€published,€the€annual€inspection€now€required€by€existing€€ÌSec.€195.432€for€all€breakout€tanks€include,€for€carbon€and€low€alloy€€Ìsteel,€welded€or€riveted,€non-refrigerated€tanks,€an€integrity€€Ìinspection€under€section€4€of€API€Standard€653.€Ì€€€€API,€AMOCO,€and€EPA€noted€a€potential€conflict€between€the€annual€€Ìinspection€deadline€and€the€different€intervals€that€section€4€of€API€€ÌStandard€653€provides€for€various€types€of€inspections.€Of€particular€€Ìconcern€were€the€inspection€intervals€based€on€corrosion€rate,€which€in€€Ìsome€cases€could€be€up€to€20€years.€API€recommended€that€we€drop€the€€Ìannual€inspection€requirement€and€merely€require€operators€to€inspect€€Ìbreakout€tanks€according€to€section€4€of€API€Standard€653.€EPA€also€€Ìquestioned€the€annual€inspection€requirement€because€it€does€not€define€€Ìthe€required€inspections.€Ì€€€€We€agree€that€the€existing€and€proposed€requirements€could€create€a€€Ìconflict€of€inspection€intervals.€So€final€Sec.€195.432(a)€includes€an€€Ìexception€for€tanks€that€are€subject€to€the€other€inspection€€Ìrequirements€of€Sec.€195.432.€We€did€not€eliminate€the€existing€annual€€Ìinspection€requirement€as€API€suggested,€because€it€provides€for€€Ìmaintenance€inspection€of€breakout€tanks€that€are€not€subject€to€the€€Ìnew€integrity€inspection€requirements,€such€as€anhydrous€ammonia€tanks€€Ìand€non-steel€tanks.€Ì€€€€API€also€pointed€out€that€some€tank€bottoms€cannot€be€inspected€€Ìunder€API€Standard€653€because€the€steel€bottom€has€been€repaired€by€a€€Ð	´-)* Ðconcrete€cover.€API€recommended€that€in€cases€like€this€we€allow€€Ìoperators€to€use€an€alternative€method,€such€as€a€risk-based€analysis,€€Ìto€assess€bottom€integrity.€Under€final€Sec.€195.432(b),€operators€must€€Ìinspect€the€integrity€of€atmospheric€and€low-pressure€tanks€according€€Ìto€section€4€of€API€Standard€653.€However,€in€view€of€API's€comment,€€Ìthe€final€rule€allows€an€operator€to€use€an€assessment€technique€€Ìincluded€in€its€operations€and€maintenance€manual€for€tank€bottoms€to€€Ìwhich€access€is€prevented€by€structural€conditions.€Ì€€€€In€another€comment€on€proposed€Sec.€195.432,€API€suggested€that€we€€Ìincorporate€by€reference€API€510,€``Pressure€Vessel€Inspection€Code:€€ÌMaintenance€Inspection,€Rating,€Repair,€and€Alteration,''€as€the€€Ìinspection€standard€for€high-pressure€tanks€built€to€API€Standard€2510.€€ÌAPI€said€API€510€is€the€appropriate€inspection€standard€for€such€tanks.€€ÌWe€agree€that€this€standard€is€more€appropriate€than€API€Standard€653€€Ìfor€such€tanks€and€it€is€incorporated€by€reference€in€final€€ÌSec.€195.432(c).€Ì€€€€The€references€to€consensus€standards€do€not€include€parts€of€those€€Ìstandards€that€are€not€directly€related€to€carrying€out€inspections.€€ÌFor€example,€parts€of€section€4€of€API€Standard€653€concerning€records,€€Ìreports,€and€inspector€qualifications€(Sections€4.8-4.10)€are€not€€Ìincorporated€by€reference€because€these€parts€do€not€govern€the€process€€Ìof€inspection.€In€addition,€Sec.€195.404(c)(3)€requires€inspection€€Ìrecords.€And,€as€previously€mentioned,€personnel€qualification€is€€Ìcovered€by€Sec.€195.403€and€is€the€subject€of€rules€proposed€in€Docket€€ÌNo.€RSPA-98-3783€(63€FR€57269;€Oct.€27,€1998).€Ì€€€€AMOCO€was€concerned€about€the€application€of€inspection€intervals€€Ìto€Ì€Ì[[Page€15933]]€Ì€Ìtanks€already€in€compliance€with€the€new€integrity€inspection€€Ìrequirements€and€tanks€not€in€compliance.€To€clarify€this€matter,€final€€ÌSec.€195.432(d)€provides€that€a€particular€interval€begins€on€the€date€€Ìthis€final€rule€document€takes€effect,€May€3,€1999,€or€the€operator's€€Ìlast€recorded€date€of€the€inspection,€whichever€is€earlier.€We€dropped€€Ìthe€proposed€18-month€compliance€time€from€the€final€Sec.€195.432€€Ìbecause€we€considered€it€unnecessary€in€view€of€the€inspection€€Ìintervals€specified€by€the€referenced€standards.€Ì€ÌAdvisory€Committee€Ì€Ì€€€€<bullet>€On€May€6,€1998,€in€Washington,€DC,€we€briefed€the€€ÌTechnical€Hazardous€Liquid€Pipeline€Safety€Standards€Committee€€Ð	´-)* Ð(THLPSSC)€about€this€rule.€This€committee€voted€to€accept€the€NPRM€€Ìprovided€that€we€consider€adopting€API€Publication€340.€Ì€€€€<bullet>€On€November€6,€1998,€in€Washington,€DC,€we€briefed€THLPSSC€€Ìabout€comments€received€and€changes€to€expect€in€the€final€rule.€Also€€Ìat€this€time,€we€reviewed€a€five€page€report€on€API€publication€340€€Ìprepared€by€SPEC€Consulting€Services€for€API's€Health€and€Environment€€ÌAffairs€Department.€This€report€was€sent€to€the€THLPSSC€committee€on€€ÌMay€14,€1998.€This€report€concluded€that€API€publication€340€need€not€€Ìbe€adopted€in€this€rulemaking.€We€agreed€because,€(1)€the€scope€of€API€€Ìpublication€340€is€too€broad€for€this€rulemaking;€(2)€four€API€€Ìstandards€referenced€in€API€340€are€already€adopted€in€this€rulemaking;€€Ì(3)€this€rulemaking€goes€beyond€API€Publication€340,€and€adopts€six€€Ìother€API€consensus€standards.€The€THLPSSC€agreed€with€our€conclusion.€€ÌA€copy€of€this€report€is€in€the€docket.€Ì€ÌRegulatory€Analyses€and€Notices€Ì€ÌA.€Executive€Order€12866€and€DOT€Regulatory€Policies€and€Procedures€Ì€Ì€€€€The€Department€of€Transportation€(DOT)€does€not€consider€this€€Ìaction€to€be€a€significant€regulatory€action€under€Section€3(f)€of€€ÌExecutive€Order€12866€(58€FR€51735;€October€4,€1993)€and€this€rule€was€€Ìnot€reviewed€by€the€Office€of€Management€and€Budget.€DOT€does€not€€Ìconsider€this€action€significant€under€DOT's€regulatory€policies€and€€Ìprocedures€(44€FR€11034;€February€26,€1979).€Ì€€€€This€rule€would€amend€the€regulations€for€breakout€tanks€to€include€€Ìthe€incorporation€by€reference€of€certain€of€the€latest€consensus€€Ìstandards€for€above€ground€storage€tanks.€The€adoption€of€consensus€€Ìstandards€is€consistent€with€the€President's€goal€of€regulatory€€Ìreinvention€and€improvement€of€customer€service€to€the€American€people.€€ÌThere€is€minimal€or€no€cost€for€operators€of€breakout€tanks€to€comply€€Ìwith€this€rule€because€these€consensus€standards€have€been€developed€€Ìand€implemented€by€industry€organizations€to€ensure€the€safety€of€above€€Ìground€petroleum€storage€tanks.€Ì€€€€The€standards€for€steel€storage€tanks€were€specifically€developed€€Ìby€the€API.€API€is€the€major€petroleum€industry€trade€organization€and€€Ìmany€of€its€members€are€operators€of€petroleum€pipelines€with€tank€€Ìfarms.€Additionally,€the€standard€for€secondary€containment€is€taken€€Ìfrom€an€NFPA€code€that€is€a€widely€used€consensus€standard€for€the€€Ìdesign€of€diking€(containment€by€impounding)€for€above€ground€storage€€Ìtanks.€The€NFPA€is€an€association€with€a€membership€of€more€than€67,000€€Ìindividuals€and€over€100€national€trade€and€professional€organizations.€€ÌIts€mission€is€to€reduce€the€burden€of€fire€on€the€quality€of€life€by€€Ð	´-)* Ðadvocating€scientifically€based€consensus€codes€and€standards,€€Ìresearch,€and€education€for€fire€and€safety€issues.€Ì€€€€The€operators€of€breakout€tanks€storing€hazardous€liquids€are€very€€Ìfamiliar€with€these€API€storage€tank€and€NFPA€diking€standards€because€€Ìthey€have€been€extensively€implemented€at€pipeline€terminals€throughout€€Ìthe€United€States.€Conversations€with€an€industry€storage€tank€€Ìorganization€representing€medium€and€smaller€operators€of€breakout€€Ìtanks€confirm€that€most€of€their€members€are€already€complying€with€the€€Ìtank€standards.€Because€the€economic€impact€of€this€rule€is€minimal,€€Ìthe€incorporation€by€reference€of€these€industry€standards€does€not€€Ìwarrant€preparation€of€a€Regulatory€Evaluation.€Ì€€€€For€several€years,€OMB€Circular€A-119,€``Federal€Participation€in€€Ìthe€Development€and€Use€of€Voluntary€Standards'',€encouraged,€but€did€€Ìnot€require,€agencies€to€participate€in€consensus€standards€bodies€and€€Ìto€adopt€voluntary€consensus€standards€whenever€possible.€The€National€€ÌTechnology€Transfer€and€Advancement€Act€of€1995€(NTTAA,€Pub.€L.€104-€Ì113)€codified€and€expanded€the€participation€and€reporting€requirement€€Ìof€OMB€Circular€A-119.€Federal€agencies€and€departments€are€now€€Ìrequired€to€use€technical€standards€that€are€developed€and€adopted€by€€Ìvoluntary€consensus€bodies,€where€practicable.€RSPA€prescribed€API€and€€ÌNFPA€standards€for€petroleum€storage€tanks€meets€the€goals€and€€Ìrequirements€set€forth€in€both€OMB€Circular€A-119€and€NTTAA.€Ì€ÌB.€Regulatory€Flexibility€Act€Ì€Ì€€€€As€discussed€above,€RSPA€is€incorporating€consensus€standards€that€€Ìwere€developed€and€published€by€authoritative€organizations€associated€€Ìwith€the€petroleum€industry.€Consequently,€these€safety€standards€are€€Ìwell€known€and€have€been€implemented€by€operators€of€aboveground€€Ìstorage€tanks€at€hazardous€liquid€pipeline€terminals€throughout€the€€ÌUnited€States.€RSPA€has€had€conversations€with€an€operators'€€Ìassociation€representing€these€tank€farms€and€with€other€persons€and€€Ìthose€parties€do€not€expect€this€rule€to€have€a€significant€economic€€Ìimpact€on€the€smaller€operators€of€breakout€tanks.€Moreover,€in€the€€Ìevent€that€some€operators€of€breakout€tanks€have€not€yet€implemented€€Ìall€the€safety-related€items€in€these€consensus€standards,€the€€Ìregulations€prescribed€in€this€final€rule€would€allow€operators€18€€Ìmonths€for€compliance€after€the€date€of€publication€of€the€final€rule.€Ì€€€€Therefore,€based€on€the€facts€available€which€indicate€the€€Ìanticipated€minimal€impact€of€this€rulemaking€action,€I€certify,€€Ìpursuant€to€Section€605€of€the€Regulatory€Flexibility€Act€(5€U.S.C.€€Ì605),€that€this€rulemaking€action€will€not€have€a€significant€economic€€Ìimpact€on€a€substantial€number€of€small€entities.€Ð	´-)* Ѐ€€€RSPA,€in€the€proposed€rule,€had€requested€comments€from€small€€Ìentities€which€might€be€impacted€by€this€rule.€We€received€one€comment€€Ìfrom€an€association€which€includes€small€operators.€This€association€€Ìstated€that€most,€if€not€all,€members€already€adhere€to€the€consensus€€Ìtank€standards€adopted€by€this€rulemaking.€This€supports€our€earlier€€Ìconclusion€that€this€rule€will€have€no€significant€impact€on€€Ìsubstantial€number€of€small€entities.€Ì€ÌC.€Executive€Order€126120€Ì€Ì€€€€This€rule€will€not€have€substantial€direct€effects€on€states,€on€€Ìthe€relationship€between€the€federal€government€and€the€states,€or€on€€Ìthe€distribution€of€power€and€responsibilities€among€the€various€levels€€Ìof€government.€Therefore,€in€accordance€with€the€Executive€Order€12612€€Ì(52€FR€41685;€Oct.€30,€1987),€RSPA€has€determined€that€the€action€does€€Ìnot€have€sufficient€federalism€implications€to€warrant€preparation€of€a€€ÌFederalism€Assessment.€Ì€ÌD.€Executive€Order€13084€Ì€Ì€€€€This€rule€has€been€analyzed€in€accordance€with€the€principles€and€€Ìcriteria€contained€in€Executive€Order€13084€(``Consultation€and€€ÌCoordination€Ì€Ì[[Page€15934]]€Ì€Ìwith€Indian€Tribal€Governments'').€Because€this€rule€would€not€€Ìsignificantly€or€uniquely€affect€the€communities€of€the€Indian€tribal€€Ìgovernments,€the€funding€and€consultation€requirements€of€this€€ÌExecutive€Order€do€not€apply.€Ì€ÌE.€Unfunded€Mandates€Ì€Ì€€€€This€rule€does€not€impose€unfunded€mandates€under€the€Unfunded€€ÌMandates€Reform€Act€of€1995.€It€does€not€result€in€costs€of€over€$100€€Ìmillion€or€more€to€either€state,€local,€or€tribal€governments,€in€the€€Ìaggregate,€or€to€the€private€sector,€and€is€the€least€burdensome€€Ìalternative€that€achieves€the€objective€of€the€rule.€Ì€ÌF.€Paperwork€Reduction€Act€Ì€Ì€€€€The€API€Standard€653€includes€sample€checklists,€provided€for€the€€Ìoperators'€periodic€inspection€of€welded€or€riveted,€non-refrigerated,€€Ð	´-)* Ðatmospheric€pressure,€aboveground€steel€storage€tanks.€The€checklists€€Ìidentify€the€tank€components€and€auxiliary€items€that€should€be€€Ìconsidered€for€inspection€and€provide€blank€spaces€for€insertion€of€the€€Ìinspection€date€and€notation€of€the€inspector's€comments€(if€any).€The€€Ìuse€of€the€checklists€improves€the€effectiveness€and€minimizes€the€€Ìpaperwork€burden€associated€with€the€existing€inspection€requirements€€Ìin€49€CFR€195.432.€This€API€standard€has€been€published€for€several€€Ìyears€and€during€that€time€it€has€been€available€to€all€operators€of€€Ìpetroleum€storage€tanks€(i.e.€refinery,€marketing,€production€and€€Ìpipeline).€Ì€€€€For€the€API€Recommended€Practices€referred€to€in€this€rulemaking,€€Ìit€is€stated€that€the€operator€would€be€expected€to€follow€the€€Ìprovisions€unless€the€operator€notes€in€the€procedural€manual€the€€Ìreasons€why€compliance€with€all€or€certain€provisions€is€not€necessary€€Ìfor€the€safety€of€a€particular€breakout€tank€or€tanks.€Each€operator's€€Ìprocedural€manual€already€requires€the€inclusion€and€updating€of€€Ìsimilar€safety-related€procedures€and€practices,€so€that€such€€Ìannotation€is€consistent€with€the€long€standing€function€of€the€€Ìprocedural€manual.€Moreover,€most€operators€already€follow€the€API€€ÌRecommended€Practices€that€are€prescribed€for€adoption€and€would€not€€Ìneed€to€make€such€an€annotation€in€the€procedural€manual.€Ì€€€€Therefore,€there€is€little€or€no€additional€burden€and€no€paperwork€€Ìanalysis€is€required€for€this€rule.€Ì€ÌG.€National€Environmental€Policy€Act€Ì€Ì€€€€RSPA€has€analyzed€this€action€for€purposes€of€the€National€€ÌEnvironmental€Policy€Act€(42€U.S.C.€4321€et€seq.)€and€has€determined€€Ìthat€this€action€would€not€significantly€affect€the€quality€of€the€€Ìhuman€environment.€An€Environmental€Assessment€and€a€Finding€of€No€€ÌSignificant€Impact€are€in€the€docket.€Ì€ÌH.€Impact€on€Business€Processes€and€Computer€Systems€Ì€Ì€€€€Many€computers€that€use€two€digits€to€keep€track€of€dates€will,€on€€ÌJanuary€1,€2000,€recognize€``double€zero''€not€as€2000€but€as€1900.€€ÌThis€glitch,€the€Year€2000€problem,€could€cause€computers€to€stop€€Ìrunning€or€to€start€generating€erroneous€data.€The€Year€2000€problem€€Ìposes€a€threat€to€the€global€economy€in€which€Americans€live€and€work.€€ÌWith€the€help€of€the€President's€Council€on€Year€2000€Conversion,€€ÌFederal€agencies€are€reaching€out€to€increase€awareness€of€the€problem€€Ìand€to€offer€support.€We€do€not€want€to€impose€new€requirements€that€€Ìwould€mandate€business€process€changes€when€the€resources€necessary€to€€Ð	´-)* Ðimplement€those€requirements€would€otherwise€be€applied€to€the€Year€€Ì2000€problem.€Ì€€€€This€rule€does€not€specify€business€process€changes€or€require€€Ìmodifications€to€computer€systems.€Because€this€rule€apparently€does€€Ìnot€affect€organizations'€ability€to€respond€to€the€Year€2000€problem,€€Ìwe€do€not€intend€to€delay€the€effectiveness€of€the€requirements€in€this€€Ìrule.€Ì€ÌList€of€Subjects€in€49€CFR€Part€195€Ì€Ì€€€€Incorporation€by€reference,€Breakout€tanks,€Hazardous€liquids,€€ÌCarbon€dioxide,€Petroleum,€Pipeline€safety,€Reporting€and€recordkeeping€€Ìrequirements.€Ì€€€€In€consideration€of€the€foregoing,€RSPA€amends€part€195€of€title€49€€Ìof€the€Code€of€Federal€Regulations€as€follows:€Ì€ÌPART€195--TRANSPORTATION€OF€HAZARDOUS€LIQUIDS€BY€PIPELINE€Ì€Ì€€€€1.€The€authority€citation€for€part€195€continues€to€read€as€€Ìfollows:€Ì€Ì€€€€Authority:€49€U.S.C.€5103,€60102,€60104,€60108,€60109,€60118;€€Ìand€49€CFR€1.53.€Ì€Ì€€€€2.€Section€195.1(c)€is€revised€to€read€as€follows:€Ì€Ì€ÌSec.€195.1€€Applicability.€Ì€Ì*€*€*€*€*€Ì€€€€(c)€Breakout€tanks€subject€to€this€part€must€comply€with€€Ìrequirements€that€apply€specifically€to€breakout€tanks€and,€to€the€€Ìextent€applicable,€with€requirements€that€apply€to€pipeline€systems€and€€Ìpipeline€facilities.€If€a€conflict€exists€between€a€requirement€that€€Ìapplies€specifically€to€breakout€tanks€and€a€requirement€that€applies€€Ìto€pipeline€systems€or€pipeline€facilities,€the€requirement€that€€Ìapplies€specifically€to€breakout€tanks€prevails.€Anhydrous€ammonia€€Ìbreakout€tanks€need€not€comply€with€Secs.€195.132(b),€195.205(b),€€Ì195.242€(c)€and€(d),€195.264€(b)€and€(e),€195.307,€195.428€(c)€and€(d),€€Ìand€195.432€(b)€and€(c).€Ì€€€€3.€Section€195.3€is€amended€by€adding€paragraph€(b)(7),€by€revising€€Ìthe€introductory€text€of€paragraph€(c),€by€revising€paragraphs€(c)(2)€€Ìand€(c)(3)(v),€and€by€adding€paragraph€(c)(6),€to€read€as€follows:€Ð	´-)* Ѐ̀ÌSec.€195.3€€Matter€incorporated€by€reference.€Ì€Ì*€*€*€*€*€Ì€€€€(b)€*€*€*€Ì€€€€(7)€National€Fire€Protection€Association€(NFPA),€11€Tracy€Drive,€€ÌAvon,€MA€02322.€Ì€€€€(c)€The€full€titles€of€publications€incorporated€by€reference€€Ìwholly€or€partially€in€this€part€are€as€follows.€Numbers€in€parentheses€€Ìindicate€applicable€editions:€Ì*€*€*€*€*€Ì€€€€(2)€American€Petroleum€Institute€(API):€Ì€€€€(i)€API€510€``Pressure€Vessel€Inspection€Code:€Maintenance€€ÌInspection,€Rating,€Repair,€and€Alteration''€(8th€edition,€June€1997).€Ì€€€€(ii)€API€Publication€2026€``Safe€Access/Egress€Involving€Floating€€ÌRoofs€of€Storage€Tanks€in€Petroleum€Service''€(2nd€edition,€April€€Ì1998).€Ì€€€€(iii)€API€Recommended€Practice€651€``Cathodic€Protection€of€€ÌAboveground€Petroleum€Storage€Tanks''€(2nd€edition,€December€1997).€Ì€€€€(iv)€API€Recommended€Practice€652€``Lining€of€Aboveground€Petroleum€€ÌStorage€Tank€Bottoms''€(2nd€edition,€December€1997).€Ì€€€€(v)€API€Recommended€Practice€2003€``Protection€Against€Ignitions€€ÌArising€out€of€Static,€Lightning,€and€Stray€Currents''€(6th€edition,€€ÌDecember€1998).€Ì€€€€(vi)€API€Recommended€Practice€2350€``Overfill€Protection€for€€ÌStorage€Tanks€In€Petroleum€Facilities''€(2nd€edition,€January€1996).€Ì€€€€(vii)€API€Specification€5L€``Specification€for€Line€Pipe''€(41st€€Ìedition,€1995).€Ì€€€€(viii)€API€Specification€6D€``Specification€for€Pipeline€Valves€€Ì(Gate,€Plug,€Ball,€and€Check€Valves)''€(21st€edition,€1994).€Ì€€€€(ix)€API€Specification€12F€``Specification€for€Shop€Welded€Tanks€€Ìfor€Storage€of€Production€Liquids''€(11th€edition,€November€1994).€Ì€€€€(x)€API€Standard€1104€``Welding€Pipelines€and€Related€Facilities''€€Ì(18th€edition,€1994).€Ì€€€€(xi)€API€Standard€620€``Design€and€Construction€of€Large,€Welded,€€ÌLow-Pressure€Storage€Tanks''€(9th€edition,€February€1996,€Including€€ÌAddenda€1€and€2).€Ì€Ì[[Page€15935]]€Ì€Ì€€€€(xii)€API€Standard€650€``Welded€Steel€Tanks€for€Oil€Storage''€(9th€€Ìedition,€July€1993€(Including€Addenda€1€through€4).€Ð	´-)* Ѐ€€€(xiii)€API€Standard€653€``Tank€Inspection,€Repair,€Alteration,€and€€ÌReconstruction''€(2nd€edition,€December€1995,€including€Addenda€1,€€ÌDecember€1996).€Ì€€€€(xiv)€API€Standard€2000€``Venting€Atmospheric€and€Low-Pressure€€ÌStorage€Tanks''€(4th€edition,€September€1992).€Ì€€€€(xv)€API€Standard€2510€``Design€and€Construction€of€LPG€€ÌInstallations''€(7th€edition,€May€1995).€Ì€€€€(3)€*€*€*€Ì€€€€(v)€ASME€Boiler€and€Pressure€Vessel€Code,€Section€VIII€``Pressure€€ÌVessels,''€Divisions€1€and€2€(1995€edition€with€1995€Addenda).€Ì*€*€*€*€*€Ì€€€€(6)€National€Fire€Protection€Association€(NFPA):€Ì€€€€(i)€ANSI/NFPA€30€``Flammable€and€Combustible€Liquids€Code,''€€Ì(1996).€Ì€€€€(ii)€[Reserved]€Ì€€€€4.€Section€195.132€is€revised€to€read€as€follows:€Ì€Ì€ÌSec.€195.132€€Design€and€construction€of€aboveground€breakout€tanks.€Ì€Ì€€€€(a)€Each€aboveground€breakout€tank€must€be€designed€and€constructed€€Ìto€withstand€the€internal€pressure€produced€by€the€hazardous€liquid€to€€Ìbe€stored€therein€and€any€anticipated€external€loads.€Ì€€€€(b)€For€aboveground€breakout€tanks€first€placed€in€service€after€€ÌOctober€2,€2000,€compliance€with€paragraph€(a)€of€this€section€requires€€Ìone€of€the€following:€Ì€€€€(1)€Shop-fabricated,€vertical,€cylindrical,€closed€top,€welded€€Ìsteel€tanks€with€nominal€capacities€of€90€to€750€barrels€(14.3€to€119.2€€Ìm€\3\)€and€with€internal€vapor€space€pressures€that€are€approximately€€Ìatmospheric€must€be€designed€and€constructed€in€accordance€with€API€€ÌSpecification€12F.€Ì€€€€(2)€Welded,€low-pressure€(i.e.,€internal€vapor€space€pressure€not€€Ìgreater€than€15€psig€(103.4€kPa)),€carbon€steel€tanks€that€have€wall€€Ìshapes€that€can€be€generated€by€a€single€vertical€axis€of€revolution€€Ìmust€be€designed€and€constructed€in€accordance€with€API€Standard€620.€Ì€€€€(3)€Vertical,€cylindrical,€welded€steel€tanks€with€internal€€Ìpressures€at€the€tank€top€approximating€atmospheric€pressures€(i.e.,€€Ìinternal€vapor€space€pressures€not€greater€than€2.5€psig€(17.2€kPa),€or€€Ìnot€greater€than€the€pressure€developed€by€the€weight€of€the€tank€roof)€€Ìmust€be€designed€and€constructed€in€accordance€with€API€Standard€650.€Ì€€€€(4)€High€pressure€steel€tanks€(i.e.,€internal€gas€or€vapor€space€€Ìpressures€greater€than€15€psig€(103.4€kPa))€with€a€nominal€capacity€of€€Ì2000€gallons€(7571€liters)€or€more€of€liquefied€petroleum€gas€(LPG)€€Ð	´-)* Ðmust€be€designed€and€constructed€in€accordance€with€API€Standard€2510.€Ì€€€€5.€Section€195.205€is€added€to€read€as€follows:€Ì€Ì€ÌSec.€195.205€€Repair,€alteration€and€reconstruction€of€aboveground€€Ìbreakout€tanks€that€have€been€in€service.€Ì€Ì€€€€(a)€Aboveground€breakout€tanks€that€have€been€repaired,€altered,€or€€Ìreconstructed€and€returned€to€service€must€be€capable€of€withstanding€€Ìthe€internal€pressure€produced€by€the€hazardous€liquid€to€be€stored€€Ìtherein€and€any€anticipated€external€loads.€Ì€€€€(b)€After€October€2,€2000,€compliance€with€paragraph€(a)€of€this€€Ìsection€requires€the€following€for€the€tanks€specified:€Ì€€€€(1)€For€tanks€designed€for€approximately€atmospheric€pressure€€Ìconstructed€of€carbon€and€low€alloy€steel,€welded€or€riveted,€and€non-€Ìrefrigerated€and€tanks€built€to€API€Standard€650€or€its€predecessor€€ÌStandard€12C,€repair,€alteration,€and€reconstruction€must€be€in€€Ìaccordance€with€API€Standard€653.€Ì€€€€(2)€For€tanks€built€to€API€Specification€12F€or€API€Standard€620,€€Ìthe€repair,€alteration,€and€reconstruction€must€be€in€accordance€with€€Ìthe€design,€welding,€examination,€and€material€requirements€of€those€€Ìrespective€standards.€Ì€€€€(3)€For€high€pressure€tanks€built€to€API€Standard€2510,€repairs,€€Ìalterations,€and€reconstruction€must€be€in€accordance€with€API€510.€Ì€€€€6.€Section€195.242€is€amended€by€adding€paragraphs€(c)€and€(d)€to€€Ìread€as€follows:€Ì€Ì€ÌSec.€195.242€€Cathodic€protection€system.€Ì€Ì*€*€*€*€*€Ì€€€€(c)€For€the€bottoms€of€aboveground€breakout€tanks€with€greater€than€€Ì500€barrels€(79.5€m€\3\)€capacity€built€to€API€Specification€12F,€API€€ÌStandard€620,€or€API€Standard€650€(or€its€predecessor€Standard€12C),€€Ìthe€installation€of€a€cathodic€protection€system€under€paragraph€(a)€of€€Ìthis€section€after€October€2,€2000,€must€be€in€accordance€with€API€€ÌRecommended€Practice€651,€unless€the€operator€notes€in€the€procedural€€Ìmanual€(Sec.€195.402(c))€why€compliance€with€all€or€certain€provisions€€Ìof€API€Recommended€Practice€651€is€not€necessary€for€the€safety€of€a€€Ìparticular€breakout€tank.€Ì€€€€(d)€For€the€internal€bottom€of€aboveground€breakout€tanks€built€to€€ÌAPI€Specification€12F,€API€Standard€620,€or€API€Standard€650€(or€its€€Ìpredecessor€Standard€12C),€the€installation€of€a€tank€bottom€lining€€Ð	´-)* Ðafter€October€2,€2000,€must€be€in€accordance€with€API€Recommended€€ÌPractice€652,€unless€the€operator€notes€in€the€procedural€manual€€Ì(Sec.€195.402(c))€why€compliance€with€all€or€certain€provisions€of€API€€ÌRecommended€Practice€652€is€not€necessary€for€the€safety€of€a€€Ìparticular€breakout€tank.€Ì€€€€7.€Section€195.264€is€revised€to€read€as€follows:€Ì€Ì€ÌSec.€195.264€€Impoundment,€protection€against€entry,€normal/emergency€€Ìventing€or€pressure/vacuum€relief€for€aboveground€breakout€tanks.€Ì€Ì€€€€(a)€A€means€must€be€provided€for€containing€hazardous€liquids€in€€Ìthe€event€of€spillage€or€failure€of€an€aboveground€breakout€tank.€Ì€€€€(b)€After€October€2,€2000,€compliance€with€paragraph€(a)€of€this€€Ìsection€requires€the€following€for€the€aboveground€breakout€tanks€€Ìspecified:€Ì€€€€(1)€For€tanks€built€to€API€Specification€12F,€API€Standard€620,€and€€Ìothers€(such€as€API€Standard€650€or€its€predecessor€Standard€12C),€the€€Ìinstallation€of€impoundment€must€be€in€accordance€with€the€following€€Ìsections€of€NFPA€30:€Ì€€€€(i)€Impoundment€around€a€breakout€tank€must€be€installed€in€€Ìaccordance€with€Section€2-3.4.3;€and€Ì€€€€(ii)€Impoundment€by€drainage€to€a€remote€impounding€area€must€be€€Ìinstalled€in€accordance€with€Section€2-3.4.2.€Ì€€€€(2)€For€tanks€built€to€API€Standard€2510,€the€installation€of€€Ìimpoundment€must€be€in€accordance€with€Section€3€or€9€of€API€Standard€€Ì2510.€Ì€€€€(c)€Aboveground€breakout€tank€areas€must€be€adequately€protected€€Ìagainst€unauthorized€entry.€Ì€€€€(d)€Normal/emergency€relief€venting€must€be€provided€for€each€€Ìatmospheric€pressure€breakout€tank.€Pressure/vacuum-relieving€devices€€Ìmust€be€provided€for€each€low-pressure€and€high-pressure€breakout€tank.€Ì€€€€(e)€For€normal/emergency€relief€venting€and€pressure/vacuum-€Ìrelieving€devices€installed€on€aboveground€breakout€tanks€after€October€€Ì2,€2000,€compliance€with€paragraph€(d)€of€this€section€requires€the€€Ìfollowing€for€the€tanks€specified:€Ì€€€€(1)€Normal/emergency€relief€venting€installed€on€atmospheric€€Ìpressure€tanks€built€to€API€Specification€12F€must€be€in€accordance€€Ìwith€Section€4,€and€Appendices€B€and€C,€of€API€Specification€12F.€Ì€€€€(2)€Normal/emergency€relief€venting€installed€on€atmospheric€€Ìpressure€tanks€(such€as€those€built€to€API€Standard€650€or€its€€Ìpredecessor€Standard€12C)€must€be€in€accordance€with€API€Standard€2000.€Ì€Ð	´-)* Ð[[Page€15936]]€Ì€Ì€€€€(3)€Pressure-relieving€and€emergency€vacuum-relieving€devices€€Ìinstalled€on€low€pressure€tanks€built€to€API€Standard€620€must€be€in€€Ìaccordance€with€Section€7€of€API€Standard€620€and€its€references€to€the€€Ìnormal€and€emergency€venting€requirements€in€API€Standard€2000.€Ì€€€€(4)€Pressure€and€vacuum-relieving€devices€installed€on€high€€Ìpressure€tanks€built€to€API€Standard€2510€must€be€in€accordance€with€€ÌSections€5€or€9€of€API€Standard€2510.€Ì€€€€8.€Section€195.307€is€added€to€read€as€follows:€Ì€Ì€ÌSec.€195.307€€Pressure€testing€aboveground€breakout€tanks.€Ì€Ì€€€€(a)€For€aboveground€breakout€tanks€built€to€API€Specification€12F€€Ìand€first€placed€in€service€after€October€2,€2000,€pneumatic€testing€€Ìmust€be€in€accordance€with€section€5.3€of€API€Specification€12F.€Ì€€€€(b)€For€aboveground€breakout€tanks€built€to€API€Standard€620€and€€Ìfirst€placed€in€service€after€October€2,€2000,€hydrostatic€and€€Ìpneumatic€testing€must€be€in€accordance€with€section€5.18€of€API€€ÌStandard€620.€Ì€€€€(c)€For€aboveground€breakout€tanks€built€to€API€Standard€650€and€€Ìfirst€placed€in€service€after€October€2,€2000,€hydrostatic€and€€Ìpneumatic€testing€must€be€in€accordance€with€section€5.3€of€API€€ÌStandard€650.€Ì€€€€(d)€For€aboveground€atmospheric€pressure€breakout€tanks€constructed€€Ìof€carbon€and€low€alloy€steel,€welded€or€riveted,€and€non-refrigerated€€Ìand€tanks€built€to€API€Standard€650€or€its€predecessor€Standard€12C€€Ìthat€are€returned€to€service€after€October€2,€2000,€the€necessity€for€€Ìthe€hydrostatic€testing€of€repair,€alteration,€and€reconstruction€is€€Ìcovered€in€section€10.3€of€API€Standard€653.€Ì€€€€(e)€For€aboveground€breakout€tanks€built€to€API€Standard€2510€and€€Ìfirst€placed€in€service€after€October€2,€2000,€pressure€testing€must€be€€Ìin€accordance€with€ASME€Boiler€and€Pressure€Vessel€Code,€Section€VIII,€€ÌDivision€1€or€2.€Ì€€€€9.€Section€195.405€is€added€to€read€as€follows:€Ì€Ì€ÌSec.€195.405€€Protection€against€ignitions€and€safe€access/egress€€Ìinvolving€floating€roofs.€Ì€Ì€€€€(a)€After€October€2,€2000,€protection€provided€against€ignitions€€Ìarising€out€of€static€electricity,€lightning,€and€stray€currents€during€€Ð	´-)* Ðoperation€and€maintenance€activities€involving€aboveground€breakout€€Ìtanks€must€be€in€accordance€with€API€Recommended€Practice€2003,€unless€€Ìthe€operator€notes€in€the€procedural€manual€(Sec.€195.402(c))€why€€Ìcompliance€with€all€or€certain€provisions€of€API€Recommended€Practice€€Ì2003€is€not€necessary€for€the€safety€of€a€particular€breakout€tank.€Ì€€€€(b)€The€hazards€associated€with€access/egress€onto€floating€roofs€€Ìof€in-service€aboveground€breakout€tanks€to€perform€inspection,€€Ìservice,€maintenance€or€repair€activities€(other€than€specified€general€€Ìconsiderations,€specified€routine€tasks€or€entering€tanks€removed€from€€Ìservice€for€cleaning)€are€addressed€in€API€Publication€2026.€After€€ÌOctober€2,€2000,€the€operator€must€review€and€consider€the€potentially€€Ìhazardous€conditions,€safety€practices€and€procedures€in€API€€ÌPublication€2026€for€inclusion€in€the€procedure€manual€€Ì(Sec.€195.402(c)).€Ì€€€€10.€Section€195.416€(j)€is€added€to€read€as€follows:€Ì€Ì€ÌSec.€195.416€€External€corrosion€control.€Ì€Ì*€*€*€*€*€Ì€€€€(j)€For€aboveground€breakout€tanks€where€corrosion€of€the€tank€€Ìbottom€is€controlled€by€a€cathodic€protection€system,€the€cathodic€€Ìprotection€system€must€be€inspected€to€ensure€it€is€operated€and€€Ìmaintained€in€accordance€with€API€Recommended€Practice€651,€unless€the€€Ìoperator€notes€in€the€procedure€manual€(Sec.€195.402(c))€why€compliance€€Ìwith€all€or€certain€provisions€of€API€Recommended€Practice€651€is€not€€Ìnecessary€for€the€safety€of€a€particular€breakout€tank.€Ì€€€€11.€Section€195.428€is€amended€by€revising€the€title€and€by€adding€€Ìparagraphs€(c)€and€(d)€to€read€as€follows:€Ì€Ì€ÌSec.€195.428€€Overpressure€safety€devices€and€overfill€protection€€Ìsystems.€Ì€Ì*€*€*€*€*€Ì€€€€(c)€Aboveground€breakout€tanks€that€are€constructed€or€€Ìsignificantly€altered€according€to€API€Standard€2510€after€October€2,€€Ì2000,€must€have€an€overfill€protection€system€installed€according€to€€Ìsection€5.1.2€of€API€Standard€2510.€Other€aboveground€breakout€tanks€€Ìwith€600€gallons€(2271€liters)€or€more€of€storage€capacity€that€are€€Ìconstructed€or€significantly€altered€after€October€2,€2000,€must€have€€Ìan€overfill€protection€system€installed€according€to€API€Recommended€€ÌPractice€2350.€However,€operators€need€not€comply€with€any€part€of€API€€Ô_ÔÐ	´-)* ÐRecommended€Practice€2350€for€a€particular€breakout€tank€if€the€€Ìoperator€notes€in€the€manual€required€by€Sec.€195.402€why€compliance€€Ìwith€that€part€is€not€necessary€for€safety€of€the€tank.€Ì€€€€(d)€After€October€2,€2000,€the€requirements€of€paragraphs€(a)€and€€Ì(b)€of€this€section€for€inspection€and€testing€of€pressure€control€€Ìequipment€apply€to€the€inspection€and€testing€of€overfill€protection€€Ìsystems.€Ì€€€€12.€Section€195.432€is€revised€to€read€as€follows:€Ì€Ì€ÌSec.€195.432€€Inspection€of€in-service€breakout€tanks.€Ì€Ì€€€€(a)€Except€for€breakout€tanks€inspected€under€paragraphs€(b)€and€€Ì(c)€of€this€section,€each€operator€shall,€at€intervals€not€exceeding€15€€Ìmonths,€but€at€least€once€each€calendar€year,€inspect€each€in-service€€Ìbreakout€tank.€Ì€€€€(b)€Each€operator€shall€inspect€the€physical€integrity€of€in-€Ìservice€atmospheric€and€low-pressure€steel€aboveground€breakout€tanks€€Ìaccording€to€section€4€of€API€Standard€653.€However,€if€structural€€Ìconditions€prevent€access€to€the€tank€bottom,€the€bottom€integrity€may€€Ìbe€assessed€according€to€a€plan€included€in€the€operations€and€€Ìmaintenance€manual€under€Sec.€195.402(c)(3).€Ì€€€€(c)€Each€operator€shall€inspect€the€physical€integrity€of€in-€Ìservice€steel€aboveground€breakout€tanks€built€to€API€Standard€2510€€Ìaccording€to€section€6€of€API€510.€Ì€€€€(d)€The€intervals€of€inspection€specified€by€documents€referenced€€Ìin€paragraphs€(b)€and€(c)€of€this€section€begin€on€May€3,€1999,€or€on€€Ìthe€operator's€last€recorded€date€of€the€inspection,€whichever€is€€Ìearlier.€Ì€Ì€€€€Issued€in€Washington,€D.C.€on€March€22,€1999.€ÌKelley€S.€Ô_ÔCoynerÔ_Ô,€ÌAdministrator.€Ì[FR€ññDoc.ññññ€ññññ99-ññññDoc.€Ô_Ô99„ññ7442ññññÔ_Ô€ññññFiledññññ€4-1-ññññ99ñ	ññ	ñ;€8:45€am]€ÌBILLING€CODE€4910-60-P€Ì€ñ
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